拱廊的計劃是什么？
What are the plans for the Arcade?
2022年，MOU建筑工社受邀為拱廊計劃設計其位于南京的公共文化空間。拱廊計劃的名字來源于德國學者本雅明未完成的寫作計劃。拱廊是19世紀巴黎消費文化誕生的實體空間，購物中心以街道市場的形式出現，狹窄蜿蜒，容納了咖啡館、修理店、沙龍、餐館、劇院等場所，本雅明驚嘆于這些“內部的林蔭大道，玻璃屋頂”，人們不必再經受風吹雨打，拱廊就像是一座城市，是世界的縮影，這也是拱廊計劃文化空間想要實現的一個美好愿景。希望通過本次改造設計，能夠激活本土社群活力，促進城市社區文化生活的交流與聯結。
In 2022, mou architecture studio was invited to design the Arcade Project for its public cultural space in Nanjing. The Arcade Project takes its name from the unfinished writing project of the German scholar Benjamin. The Arcade is the physical space where 19th century Parisian consumer culture was born, a shopping centre in the form of a street market, narrow and winding, housing cafes, repair shops, salons, restaurants, theatres, etc. Benjamin marvelled at these 'internal boulevards with glass roofs', where people no longer had to be exposed to the elements, the Arcade was like a city, a microcosm of the world, which is a vision that the Arcades Project cultural space aims to realise. It is hoped that through this renovation and design, the local community will be revitalised and the cultural life of the city community will be enhanced and connected.
宛如公園般的公共場所
A park-like public space
項目位于南京洪武北路116號2-3層，這棟建筑正好處于從繁華街道進入到社區生活的邊界點。正面沒有入口，只能從側面的肚帶營街道的一條很不顯眼的樓梯通道才能進入。第一場去現場勘查，發現樓梯通道的入口狹窄冗長，倘若未來樓上作為公共文化空間確實有一種大隱隱于市的感覺。我們利用鋼板在原始入口通道處再嵌套進一個白色走廊，將入口門內退到內側，新的白色走廊和街道形成一個過渡灰空間，與街道建立起新的連接方式。
Located on the 2nd and 3rd floors of 116 Hongwu North Road in Nanjing, this building is right at the border point from the busy street into the community life. There is no entrance from the front and access can only be gained from a very inconspicuous stairway at the side of the street in Belly Belt Camp. The first visit to the site revealed that the entrance to the stairway was narrow and long, and that if the upper floors were to be used as a public cultural space in the future it would have a hidden feel. We used steel plates to nestle a white corridor into the original entrance passage and set the entrance door back to the inner entrance, the new white corridor and the street form a transitional grey space, creating a new connection with the street.
▼白色入口走廊©吳昂
原建筑雖然位于街角，擁有比較開闊的視野，但是二三層場地的使用原先是一家教育培訓機構，內部利用片墻分隔出了若干個相連的小房間，特別是二層臨街兩側窗戶竟然是被完全封堵上的。我們可以想象學生在如此封閉，沒有自然采光的環境下學習是一件多么糟糕的事情。于是拆除了窗戶外圍的封閉結構，內部環境得以重見天日，透過窗戶看向室外，仿佛置身于城市規模的尺度中。如何營造出一個輕松、自在、具有包容性的空間氛圍至關重要。
Although the original building was located on the corner and had a relatively open view, the second and third floors were originally used by an educational and training institution, and the interior was divided into a number of small connected rooms using a piece of wall, especially on the second floor where the windows on both sides of the street were completely blocked. We can imagine how bad it would have been for the students to study in such an enclosed environment with no natural light. So the closed structure around the perimeter of the windows was removed and the interior was able to see the light again, looking out through the windows as if in a city scale scale. It was vital to create an atmosphere of relaxed, spontaneous and inclusive space.
▼原始建筑外立面©吳狀
二層是一個功能復合型空間，在這個140平的單層空間內需要滿足圖書展陳、收銀、文創展示、咖啡、調酒、客座區域、休閑、活動沙龍、Live等功能。白天是以書店為業態模式對外開放，晚上則會在此基礎上融入酒吧的功能。
The second floor is a functionally complex space that needs to cater for book displays, cashier, creative displays, coffee, bartending, guest areas, relaxation, event salons, Live and other functions within this 140 sq ft single floor space. During the day, the space will be open to the public as a bookstore, and in the evening, it will be integrated with a bar function.
▼夜晚建筑外立面©吳昂
作為公共空間是需要能夠包容不同人群使用的場所，大家在這里能夠創造出自己的空間，發掘出屬于自己的使用方式。就像在公園里，我們時�？吹介L凳上亦或是涼亭內有人靜靜地讀書；有嬉鬧的孩子；有促膝攀談的大媽；有圍坐下棋的大爺…不同年齡不同目的的人聚集在一起呈現出一片輕松的場景，有各種事件在同一時間和空間內發生，有著豐富多樣的狀態。我們希望在這里也能夠實現公園般的場景意向。是否可以有這么一個涼亭也能實現這樣的場景并解決相應的問題呢？幾經推敲后，建構可以容納所有功能和場景的涼亭方案得以成型。
Public space is a place where people can create their own space and discover their own way of using it. Just like in a park, we often see people reading quietly on a bench or in a pavilion; children playing; a woman chatting; a man sitting around playing chess... People of different ages and purposes come together to create a relaxed scene, with various events happening at the same time and space, in a rich variety of states. We want to realise the intention of a park-like scene here too. Could there be a pavilion where such a scene could be realised and the corresponding problems solved? After some deliberation, a plan was developed for a pavilion that could accommodate all the functions and scenes.
▼涼亭©吳狀
▼涼亭與外部環境©吳狀
▼透過涼亭內部走廊看向書架©吳狀
▼從書架區域看向城市©吳狀
▼從涼亭內部的活動區看向吧臺©吳狀
一組3.6mX10m的長方形涼亭同時收納進吧臺、陳列、休閑和活動沙龍等功能。原始場地梁下高度只有2.4米，頗顯壓抑，因此構建的亭子必須足夠輕盈通透才能抵消空間的消極影響。最終被掏空只剩下功能和結構屬性的亭子被澆筑的混凝土基座輕輕抬起，懸浮在場地中央。
A 3.6m x 10m rectangular pavilion accommodates a bar, a display, a lounge and an event salon at the same time. The original site was only 2.4m high under the beams and was quite oppressive, so the pavilions had to be built light and airy enough to counteract the negative impact of the space. The pavilion, which was eventually hollowed out to its functional and structural properties, was gently lifted by the poured concrete base and suspended in the middle of the site.
▼透明、懸浮的涼亭©吳昂
▼被澆筑的混凝土基座抬起的涼亭©吳昂
▼澆筑的混凝土基座細部©吳昂
在拆除的時候發現了它建造過程中的許多記憶點，這些即使看似不完美的記憶點在原始混凝土的表面呈現出一種原始的氣質。于是，我們清除了抹灰層，不斷打磨，讓這種原始氣質上升到具有自身魅力的狀態，原建筑的記憶得以延續。
The dismantling revealed many points of memory from its construction, which, even if seemingly imperfect, took on a primitive quality on the surface of the original concrete. We then removed the plaster layer and polished it, allowing this originality to rise to a state of its own charm and the memory of the original building to live on.
▼原始混凝土空間記憶©吳狀
從一層入口上到二層，正對著樓梯口的方向，可以看到白色金屬書架依托墻面順次展開，與涼亭中間形成一段通長的走廊，從書架上取下書籍后身體可以順勢后退坐在亭子邊緣的長凳上閱讀。亭子的內外都是可以坐人的，中間被圍合成的區域像是劇場，進入的方式很特別，需要抬腿跨進去。到了晚上，這里也成為了三五好友小酌的“逍遙池”。
On the second floor, facing the stairway, you can see white metal bookshelves spread out against the wall, forming a long corridor in the middle of the pavilion, from which you can take books and sit back on the benches at the edge of the pavilion. The pavilion is seated both inside and outside, but the area in the middle is enclosed and resembles a theatre, with a special way of entering by lifting your legs. In the evening, the pavilion becomes a "relaxing pool" for friends to have a drink.
▼涼亭和書架間的走廊©吳狀
▼從走廊看向樓梯©吳狀
▼坐在涼亭邊閱讀的人©吳狀
構建彈性的場景使用機制
Building a flexible use of the space
二層空間在晚上同時需要滿足酒吧的功能，如此受限的面積是無法滿足同時構建兩種獨立的場景使用機制，因此轉而考慮如何讓兩者功能屬性互相融合借用的方式來實現。
新構建涼亭的吧臺區域白天是咖啡制作的功能，晚上則是調酒的功能；柱子上可翻折小桌板，白天可作為閱讀桌來使用，晚上就是一個獨立的單人位小桌臺；不論白天還是晚上大家都可以坐在亭子四周和臨窗一側的長凳上。兩種功能場景重疊在一起，甚至我們每天也會看到左手捧著書右手端著酒杯的情景在拱廊計劃出現。
The space on the second floor has to serve both bar functions in the evenings, but the restricted area cannot accommodate two separate scene-use mechanisms at the same time, so instead we considered ways to integrate the two functional attributes and borrow them from each other.
The bar area of the newly constructed pavilion is used for coffee making during the day and bartending at night; the folding table on the pillar can be used as a reading table during the day and a stand-alone single table at night; everyone can sit on the benches around the pavilion and on the window side during both day and night. The two functional scenes overlap, and we even see it every day in the arcade plan with a book in the left hand and a glass of wine in the right.
▼吧臺一側©吳狀
▼坐在臨窗一側的人©吳昂
▼從走廊看向吧臺一側©吳昂
▼可翻折的小桌板細部©吳昂
如果把圖書展陳和活動狀態進行分類，可以分為靜態場景和動態場景。這兩種場景各有各的優勢和不足。作為固定的常規展示，這些靜態的圖書陳列雖然維護比較方便，但也容易讓人感到乏味。對于精心策劃的動態活動，如果順利的話可以持續保持人氣和氛圍，但也會加大運營成本，在沒有開展活動的時候硬件也就失去了它存在的意義。除此之外，我們實際還面臨著日常的圖書展陳所需要的展臺規模大��；活動時所需要滿足足夠的座位數；以及活動結束后這些椅凳的搬運撤離；如何收納儲藏等問題。因為場地所帶來的諸限制因素，我們不得不考慮采用融合靜態場景和動態場景的運營機制。
If we classify the state of book displays and activities, they can be divided into static and dynamic scenes. Each of these scenes has its own advantages and disadvantages. As fixed, regular displays, these static book displays are easier to maintain but also tend to get boring. For carefully planned dynamic events, they can sustain popularity and atmosphere if they go well, but they can also increase operating costs and the hardware loses its purpose of existence when no events are running. In addition to this, we are faced with the practical issues of the size of the stand required for daily book displays, the number of seats required for the event, the removal of the chairs and stools after the event, and how to store them. Because of the constraints imposed by the space, we had to consider an operational mechanism that combined static and dynamic scenes.
▼透過吧臺看向陳列區©吳狀
通過構建方凳的組合機制，將若干個問題融合成一個問題，最終得以巧妙化解。方凳可以自由堆疊成展臺，根據所需要展陳的規�？梢宰杂蓴U大或縮小。一旦場地需要用于舉辦活動，大家可以順手搬個凳子在場所內找到自己舒適的位置坐下，等到活動結束后再放回原處作為展臺使用。我們希望方凳的組合機制不單單是解決功能的問題，更是希望能夠通過這個過程和所有參與者之間建立起深刻的聯系。
By constructing a combination of benches, several problems can be solved by combining them into a single problem. The benches can be freely stacked into stands and can be expanded or reduced depending on the size of the display required. Once the venue has been used for an event, people can move a stool and find a comfortable place to sit in the venue, and then return it to its original position as a stand when the event is over. We hope that the mechanism of combining square benches will not only solve the problem of functionality, but that through this process a deep connection will be established between all participants.
▼靜態場景下可自由堆疊組合的方凳©吳狀
▼方凳堆疊起的展臺©吳狀
▼動態場景下可自由挪動的方凳©吳昂
▼方凳©吳狀
離散配置，通過走廊創造環境
Discrete configuration, creating an environment through corridors
三層場所的常態化功能主要是自修室、心理抱持室、辦公室以及圖書的展陳。傳統的自修室是在一個大房間里盡可能多的擺布座位，為了兼顧功能的相對私密性，又能實現場地內部的流動性，于是有了將空間進行拆解、分離的想法。有別于傳統在一個大空間里做出隔間，想要創造出一種截然不同的空間系統。
The permanent functions of the three-storey venue are mainly self-study rooms, psychological holding rooms, offices and the display of books. Traditionally, self-study rooms are arranged in a large room with as many seats as possible. In order to balance the relative privacy of the functions with the mobility within the venue, the idea of dismantling and separating the spaces was developed. The idea was to create a very different system of space from the traditional compartmentalisation of a large space.
▼連接二三層的樓梯©DONG建筑影像
最終空間被拆解成6個獨立的房間，設置成同一高度不同尺度規模，在場地內離散分布，通過走廊又彼此連接，并創造出周圍環境。其中兩個容納6人間的自修室和2人間的自修室在其內部我們還設置了走廊。內部走廊一側用于圖書的展陳，因為走廊分別設置了兩個進出口，所以可以選擇任意進出的方式，從書架上選擇一本書后身體可以本能性的倚靠在窗洞處。房間及其內部走廊，白色輕盈的房間既獨立又不完全封閉，和外部走廊空間保持著適度的透明度。
The space was eventually dismantled into six separate rooms, set at the same height and in different scales, distributed discrete within the site and connected to each other by corridors and creating a surrounding environment. Two of the study rooms, which house six students and two students, have corridors within them. One side of the internal corridor is used for the display of books, as the corridor has two separate entrances and exits, so that one can choose to enter and exit in any way one wishes, and one can instinctively lean on the window hole after selecting a book from the shelf. The room and its internal corridor, white and light, are both separate and not completely enclosed, maintaining a moderate degree of transparency with the external corridor space.
▼獨立的白色房子©吳昂
▼從走廊看向內部環境©吳昂
▼離散分布的獨立房間©吳昂
▼多孔透明的獨立房間©吳昂
沒有將這些功能塞滿在一個大房間里，而是由離散的配置方式來創造場地的開放性，同時也賦予了這些獨立房間使用上的彈性�？紤]到場地也會策劃舉辦小型展覽，除了外部的走廊可以作為開放式展覽空間，這些獨立的小房間也可以作為獨立的內容來展陳。并且可以根據展覽規模靈活使用這些獨立房間，也可以同時舉行不同主題的展覽。
Rather than cramming these functions into one large room, the discrete configuration creates an openness to the site and also gives flexibility to the use of these individual rooms. Considering that the venue is also planned for smaller exhibitions, in addition to the external corridors that can be used as open exhibition spaces, these small individual rooms can also be exhibited as separate content. They can be used flexibly according to the scale of the exhibition, and can also be used for exhibitions on different themes at the same time.
▼用于圖書展陳的內部走廊©吳昂
▼通過走廊彼此連接的白色房間©吳昂
▼通過走廊創造出新的內部環境©吳昂
透過空間縫隙看得到內部靜態或動態的場景，穿梭在眾橫交錯的走廊中，身體時而擴大，時而收縮，仿佛置身于街巷里，漫游在微縮的城市中。
Through the gaps in the space you can see the static or dynamic scenes inside, and as you walk through the interlocking corridors, your body expands and contracts at times, as if you were in a street or alley, roaming through a miniature city.
▼縱橫交錯的洞口©吳昂
▼視線穿透的內部環境©吳昂
▼走廊內外的人©DONG建筑影像
▼帶有內部走廊的自修室©DONG建筑影像
▼自修室內部©吳昂
▼一層平面圖，1F PLAN©MOU建筑工社
▼二層平面圖2F PLAN，©MOU建筑工社
▼三層平面圖3F PLAN，©MOU建筑工社
▼分析圖©MOU建筑工社
▼軸測分析圖©MOU建筑工社
項目名稱：拱廊計劃文化空間
項目類型：書店文化空間
設計方：MOU建筑工社
完成年份：2022年12月
主持設計：吳狀
設計團隊：付仕玉、陳靜、李逸雯
項目地址：南京市玄武區洪武北路116號
建筑面積：280㎡
攝影版權：吳昂、DONG建筑影像、吳狀
材料：松木膠合板、水泥、鋼板、陽極氧化鋁、玻璃
來源：本文由MOU建筑工社提供稿件，所有著作權歸屬MOU建筑工社所有。
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